Indications
The EMLA patch is a topical patch used to reduce pain during common needle procedures and superficial skin surgeries. It contains two anesthetic agents, lidocaine and prilocaine, that can effectively numb a small area of skin.
The combinations of these two medications work together by numbing the surface and lower layers of the skin to prevent pain messages from the nerves under the skin. The cream is put on the skin, and it temporarily numbs the surface of the skin for a brief time, typically starting within an hour.
Use and Dosage
The patch is applied to the skin area selected, and the approximate application time is one hour, based on clinical data for EMLA cream. The patch efficiently and effectively transdermally anesthetizes a circular area of skin 1 inch in diameter.
- Before applying the Emla Patch, clean and dry the skin thoroughly.
- Peel away the protective liner from the patch and place it on the procedure site, as directed by your doctor, usually 1 hour before the procedure. Do not touch the white round portion containing the medication.
- Firmly press down on the edges of the patch to ensure it is attached properly.
- Press gently on the center of the patch, then use a ballpoint pen to mark the time it was placed.
Do not leave the patch in place for longer than instructed by your doctor, as it may increase the risk of side effects. If you are applying the Emla Patch to a child, ensure that the patch stays in place and is not put into the mouth. Do not use the patch on open wounds, cuts, scrapes, burns, rashes, or mucous membranes, and avoid getting the product in your eyes, nose, ears, or mouth. Protect the eye if medication gets in the eye, until feeling returns.
The numbing effect of the Emla Patch should start within an hour and may last for several hours after the patch is removed. Protect the area from injury and avoid bumping, rubbing, scratching, or exposing the area to heat/cold until feeling returns. After use, carefully fold the patch in half with the sticky sides together and discard it out of reach of children and pets. Wash hands immediately after use unless the application is on the hands.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects of Emla Patch (Lidocaine/prilocaine):
- Changes in ability to feel hot or cold
- Redness and swelling at the application site
Serious Side Effects of Emla Patch (Lidocaine/prilocaine):
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain
- Difficulty breathing
- Dizziness
- Drowsiness
- Fast or irregular heartbeat
- Skin rash or itching
- Swelling of your throat, lips, or face
- Trembling
Forms and Strength
Emla Patch (Lidocaine/prilocaine) is available in the following forms and strength:
Emla Patch: Patch
- 2.5/2.5%
Cautions
- Allergic reaction: People with a history of allergies to local anesthetics or any of the ingredients in the patch should not use EMLA. It can cause a severe allergic reaction in some cases.
- Application area: EMLA should only be applied to intact skin and not on open wounds or mucous membranes. It should also not be applied in areas where there is a rash, eczema, or inflammation.
- Children: EMLA is not recommended for use in infants younger than 3 months due to the risk of methemoglobinemia. Children between 3 months and 12 years old should be carefully monitored for signs of methemoglobinemia.
- Concurrent medications: People taking certain medications, such as certain antibiotics, may be at a higher risk of developing methemoglobinemia when using EMLA.
- Systemic absorption: The anesthetic agents in EMLA can be absorbed into the bloodstream and potentially cause unwanted effects, especially if too much is applied or if it is used on a large surface area.
- Choking hazard: EMLA patches should not be used on infants placed on their stomachs or who tend to put their fingers or objects in their mouths, as there is a risk of choking on the patch if it becomes dislodged.
- Eye contact: EMLA should not come into contact with the eyes, as it can cause irritation or even damage to the cornea.
- Skin irritation: In some individuals, EMLA may cause skin irritation, redness, or swelling at the application site.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The safety of EMLA use during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established, so caution should be taken when considering using the patch in these situations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How long should I leave the EMLA patch on?
The recommended application time for the EMLA patch is approximately one hour.
Can I reuse the EMLA patch?
No, the EMLA patch is a single-use item and should not be reused.
Can EMLA be used to numb other areas of the body besides the skin?
EMLA is intended for use on intact skin only and should not be applied to mucous membranes or open wounds.
Is EMLA safe for use in infants?
EMLA is considered safe for use in infants older than 3 months, but caution should be taken in using it on children between 3 months and 12 years old due to the risk of methemoglobinemia.
Can I apply more than one EMLA patch at a time for a larger area of numbing?
No, the EMLA patch is intended for use on a circular area of skin 1 inch in diameter and should not be used on a larger surface area.
Can I purchase EMLA without a prescription?
EMLA is a prescription medication and cannot be purchased over the counter without a prescription from a healthcare provider.
Can I apply the EMLA patch on myself or do I need someone to help me?
The EMLA patch can be applied by the individual themselves or with the help of a healthcare provider or caregiver.
Resources
- https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/18413-lidocaine-prilocaine-cream
- https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/PUarticles/EMLA.htm
- https://www.goodrx.com/lidocaine-prilocaine/what-is
- https://dangerousthings.com/product/emla-patch/
- https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-2358-3252/emla-topical/lidocaine-prilocaine-disc-topical/details
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