Cipro XL (Ciprofloxacin)

Indications

Cipro XL is an antibiotic medication used to treat infections caused by certain bacteria, including urinary tract infections and kidney infections. It belongs to the family of medications known as quinolones. It works by stopping the growth and killing bacteria that cause infections. Cipro XL is an extended-release form of ciprofloxacin, allowing for once-daily dosing.

Note that fluoroquinolone antibiotics, including Cipro XL, are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture, particularly in older adults. Cipro XL should only be used to treat infections that are caused by bacteria and should not be used to treat viral infections such as the common cold or flu.

Use and Dosage

Ciprofloxacin tablets should be taken orally with or without food as directed by your physician, usually once daily. Swallow the tablets whole and not crush or chew them to avoid releasing all the drug at once, which may increase the risk of side effects.

The dosage and length of treatment is determined by your medical condition and response to treatment. Ensure to drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication unless your doctor advises otherwise. To avoid reducing the effectiveness of Ciprofloxacin, take the medication at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking other products that may bind to it.

Take Ciprofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after eating calcium-rich foods, except these foods are part of a larger meal that contains other (non-calcium-rich) foods. Remember to take the antibiotic at even intervals throughout the day for the best results. Lastly, continue taking Ciprofloxacin until the full prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear. Stopping medication prematurely may result in a return of the infection.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects of Cipro XL (Ciprofloxacin):

• Agitation
• Anxiety
• Blurred vision
• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Headache
• Lightheadedness
• Nausea
• Nervousness
• Trouble sleeping (insomnia or nightmares)
• Vomiting

Serious Side Effects of Cipro XL (Ciprofloxacin):

• Changes in color of urine (red or pink urine)
• Confusion, hallucinations, depression, or unusual thoughts or behaviors
• Diarrhea that is watery or bloody
• Seizures (convulsions)
• Severe dizziness, fainting, or fast or pounding heartbeats
• Severe headache, ringing in your ears, dizziness, nausea, vision problems, pain behind your eyes, numbness, tingling, or unusual pain anywhere in your body
• Severe skin reaction -- fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling
• Signs of a new infection (new or persistent fever, persistent sore throat),
• Signs of liver problems (such as unusual tiredness, stomach or abdominal pain, persistent nausea or vomiting, yellowing eyes or skin, weakness, or dark urine)
• Skin sensitivity to sunlight
• Sudden pain, snapping or popping sound, bruising, swelling, tenderness, stiffness, or loss of movement in any of your joints
• The first sign of any skin rash, no matter how mild
• Unusual bruising or bleeding
• Unusual changes in the amount of urine

Forms and Strength

Cipro XL (Ciprofloxacin) is available in the following forms and strength:

Cipro XL: Tablets

• 500 mg
• 1000 mg

Ciprofloxacin: Tablets

• 500 mg

Cautions

• Tendinitis and tendon rupture: Fluoroquinolone antibiotics, including Ciprofloxacin, can cause tendinitis and tendon rupture, especially in people over 60 years of age, those taking corticosteroid drugs, and people with kidney, heart, or lung transplants.
• Peripheral neuropathy: Ciprofloxacin can cause damage to the nerves in the arms, legs, hands, and feet. This condition is called peripheral neuropathy and may be permanent.
• Central nervous system effects: Ciprofloxacin can cause nervous system side effects, including seizures, hallucinations, and confusion, particularly in older patients or those on high doses.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: Ciprofloxacin can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylactic shock, hives, and swelling.
• Tendonitis and joint problems: Ciprofloxacin can lead to the development of tendonitis and joint problems, particularly in patients who are physically active or have a history of joint or tendon disorders.
• Photosensitivity: Ciprofloxacin can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, which can lead to sunburn and other skin reactions.
• Liver problems: Ciprofloxacin can cause liver damage, particularly in people with pre-existing liver disease.
• Gastrointestinal problems: Ciprofloxacin can cause stomach upset, nausea, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal problems.
• Kidney problems: Ciprofloxacin can cause kidney damage, particularly in people with pre-existing kidney disease.
• Cardiovascular problems: Ciprofloxacin can cause changes in heart rhythm, particularly in people with pre-existing heart conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How long should I take Cipro XL?

The length of treatment with Cipro XL will depend on the type and severity of the infection. Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better before it is finished.

Can Cipro XL be taken with food?

Cipro XL can be taken with or without food. However, taking it with food may help to reduce stomach upset.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking Cipro XL?

Do not drink alcohol while taking Cipro XL, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.

Can Cipro XL cause tendonitis or tendon rupture?

Yes, using Cipro XL can increase the risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, especially in older adults and those who are physically active. Discontinue use of Cipro XL and contact your doctor if you experience pain, swelling, or inflammation in a tendon or joint.

Can Cipro XL cause photosensitivity?

Yes, Cipro XL can increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, which can lead to sunburn or rash. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and wear protective clothing and sunscreen while taking Cipro XL.

Resources

• https://www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/cipro-xl
• https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/021473s035lbl.pdf
• https://www.bayer.com/sites/default/files/2020-11/cipro-xl-pm-en.pdf
• https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-64649/cipro-xr-oral/details
• https://www.drugs.com/dosage/cipro-xr.html
• https://www.bayer.com/sites/default/files/2020-11/cipro-xl-pm-en.pdf
• https://www.rxlist.com/cipro-xr-drug.htm