Indications
Plaquenil (active ingredient: hydroxychloroquine) is a prescription medication indicated for the following:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: Plaquenil is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, helping to reduce pain, swelling, and joint stiffness.
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): It is also indicated for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, assisting in managing symptoms such as joint pain, skin rashes, and fatigue.
- Malaria Prophylaxis and Treatment: Plaquenil is used for the prevention and treatment of malaria caused by certain types of parasites.
Plaquenil belongs to a class of medications called antimalarials and immunosuppressants, which work by modulating the immune system and interfering with the growth of parasites that cause malaria.
Uses and Dosages
Plaquenil comes in the form of a tablet to take by mouth exactly as directed by your doctor, usually once a week on the same day of each week. To prevent stomach upset, take Plaquenil with food or milk. Do not crush or break the tablets, as they may leave a bitter taste. You should mark a calendar to help you remember. Plaquenil is usually started 1 to 2 weeks before entering an area with widespread malaria. Continue taking it weekly while in the area and for 4 to 8 weeks after leaving, or as directed by your doctor. Finally, to treat malaria, follow your doctor's instructions.
The dosage and length of treatment are based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Children's dose is also based on weight. The recommended dosage for adults with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus is 200mg to 400mg in a day of the week, while the initial dosage for treating other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or malaria is higher, usually around 400mg to 600mg in a day of the week, and then decreased to 200mg or 400mg per in a day of the week as a maintenance dose.
Side Effect
Common side effects of Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine):
- Belly pain
- Diarrhea
- Digestive problems
- Dizziness
- Fatigue (low energy)
- Hair loss
- Headache
- Nausea
- Nervousness or irritability
- Rash
- Ringing in your ears
- Vomiting
- Weight loss
Serious side effects of Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine):
- Allergic reaction
- Ear problems, such as hearing loss or ringing in your ears
- Eye-related side effects
- Liver problems, such as liver failure
- Mental health problems, such as mood changes, new or worsened depression, or suicidal thoughts and behaviors
- Muscle problems, such as muscle weakness or pain
- Nerve problems, such as nerve damage
- Problems with sleep, such as having nightmares
- Toxicity, such as:
- Retinal toxicity
- Heart toxicity
- Skin toxicity
- Blood toxicity
- Very low blood sugar level
Form and Strength
Plaquenil (Hydroxychloroquine) is available in the following forms and strengths:
Plaquenil: Tablet
- 200mg
Hydroxychloroquine: Tablet
- 200mg
Caution
- Antimalarial compounds like hydroxychloroquine should be used with caution in patients with hepatic disease. Physicians should take reasonable precautions to minimize the possible risks of using chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine.
- Hydroxychloroquine may increase your skin's sensitivity to sunlight. If you experience skin changes or sunburn, limit your time in the sun, wear protective clothing, and use sunscreen to reduce the risk of sunburn or skin irritation.
- Using Plaquenil for extended periods of time or in high dosages can lead to irreversible damage to the retina of the eye, which can result in permanent vision impairment.
- Consult with their healthcare provider before taking any medication, including Plaquenil, to ensure it is safe and appropriate for their specific medical condition and health history.
- Plaquenil may have negative effects on your heart, particularly if you are using other medications including the antibiotic azithromycin. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as fast or pounding heartbeats and sudden dizziness, as this could be a sign of a serious heart condition that requires urgent treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Can hydroxychloroquine help treat COVID-19?
Hydroxychloroquine is not an effective treatment for COVID-19 and may even cause harmful side effects.
Is weight gain a side effect of hydroxychloroquine?
No, weight gain is not a known side effect of hydroxychloroquine.
Does hydroxychloroquine interact with other medications?
Yes, hydroxychloroquine can interact with other medications, including some antibiotics and heart medications.
Is hydroxychloroquine safe for everyone?
No, hydroxychloroquine can cause serious and potentially life-threatening side effects, particularly in people with certain underlying health conditions.
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