Indications
Mirena is a type of intrauterine device (IUD) that releases a hormone called levonorgestrel to prevent pregnancy for up to 8 years. In addition to preventing pregnancy, Mirena is also used to treat heavy periods.
Once inserted, it releases the hormone levonorgestrel, which thickens cervical mucus, inhibits sperm movement, and prevents sperm from entering the uterus. This method of contraception does not require daily attention, as it can remain effective for up to 5 years before needing to be replaced.
Use and Dosage
Mirena IUD Device is inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional using a special applicator. It can be removed by a healthcare professional at any time. Note that Mirena insertion must be performed by a healthcare professional and that it may take some time for your body to adjust to the device. Here are the general steps for inserting Mirena:
- Clean the cervix and vagina with an antiseptic solution.
- Using special instruments, the healthcare professional will measure the depth of your uterus and ensure that Mirena will fit properly.
- Next, they will insert Mirena into your uterus through a narrow tube called an inserter.
- Once Mirena is in the correct position in your uterus, the healthcare professional will release it from the inserter.
- The healthcare professional will then trim the string attached to the end of the device so that it is long enough to be easily felt by you or your partner during sex, but not so long that it hangs out of your vagina.
- You will be given instructions on aftercare and when to check the string to make sure that Mirena is still in place.
The procedure takes only a few minutes and is done in a healthcare provider's office or clinic. After insertion, the healthcare provider will trim the strings on the IUD so that they are just long enough to be felt at the cervix but not long enough to come out of the vagina. Mirena IUD can remain in place for up to 5 years for birth control and up to 7 years for heavy menstrual bleeding. Have a follow-up appointment with a healthcare provider within 4 to 12 weeks after insertion to confirm proper placement and discuss any concerns or questions.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects of Mirena IUD Device (Intrauterine Device):
- Abdominal/pelvic pain
- Vaginal discharge
- Nausea
- Headache
- Nervousness
- Vulvovaginitis
- Dysmenorrhea
- Back pain
- Weight increase
- Breast pain/tenderness
- Acne
- Decreased libido
- Depressed mood
- Cervicitis/Papanicolaou smear normal, class II
- Hypertension
Forms and Strength
Mirena IUD Device (Intrauterine Device) is available in the following forms and strength:
Mirena IUD Device: IUD
- 52 mg
Cautions
- Possibility of partial or complete expulsion of the device from the uterus.
- Actinomycosis, a rare bacterial infection, has been associated with IUDs, including Mirena.
- Uterine perforation is a rare but serious risk associated with IUD insertion or removal.
- Mirena should be used with caution in people who have immune system problems.
- Mirena should not be used if there is already an intrauterine device in the uterus.
- Potential side effects of Mirena include irregular bleeding, mood changes, and acne.
- Mirena should not be used in people who have or are suspected of having breast cancer or certain other cancers.
- Mirena may not be a suitable choice for people who have certain medical conditions or who take certain medications.
- Mirena does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Some people may experience uterine perforation during insertion or removal of the device, especially if their uterus is small or has an abnormal shape.
- Mirena may cause serious infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to infertility if not treated promptly.
- Removal of Mirena may be difficult or cause complications in some cases, such as when the strings are not visible or are embedded in the wall of the uterus.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How long can Mirena IUD Device remain in place?
Mirena IUD Device can remain in place for up to 5 years for birth control and up to 7 years for heavy menstrual bleeding.
Can Mirena IUD Device be used for people who have never been pregnant?
Yes, Mirena IUD Device can be used by people who have never been pregnant.
Will Mirena IUD Device protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
No, Mirena IUD Device will not protect against STIs.
How soon after Mirena IUD Device insertion is it effective at preventing pregnancy?
Mirena IUD Device is effective immediately after insertion if inserted during the first seven days of the menstrual cycle. If inserted at any other time, a backup form of contraception should be used for the first seven days.
Resources
- https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/17739-mirena-liletta-hormonal-iud
- https://www.webmd.com/sex/birth-control/iud-intrauterine-device
- https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/021225s019lbl.pdf
- https://www.mirenahcp.com/?redirect=false
- https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/iud
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/mirena/about/pac-20391354
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