Indications
Truvada is a prescription medication used for treating and preventing HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) infection. It is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication that contains two drugs: emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Truvada is used with other HIV medications to help control HIV infection and decrease the amount of HIV in the body.
Truvada helps to decrease the amount of HIV in your body so your immune system can work better. This lowers your chance of getting HIV complications (such as new infections, cancer) and improves your quality of life. When taken as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), it can help prevent HIV infection in people who are at risk through sex or injection drug use.
Uses and Dosage
Truvada tablet is taken orally, usually once daily. Take Truvada consistently and exactly as prescribed. It can be taken with or without food. For pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), take Truvada every day to prevent HIV infection. When taken as PrEP, use other methods of HIV prevention, such as condoms, safe injection practices, and regular HIV testing. Talk to a healthcare provider about the appropriate use and potential risks and side effects of Truvada.
The recommended dosage of Truvada for adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 35 kg is one tablet (containing 200 mg of emtricitabine and 300 mg of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) taken orally, usually once daily. However, for individuals with renal impairment, the recommended dosage may vary. In cases of CrCl (creatinine clearance) 30-49 mL/min, the recommended dosage is one tablet every 48 hours. Truvada is not recommended for individuals with CrCl <30 mL/min and ESRD (End Stage Renal Disease) requiring hemodialysis.
Side Effect
Common Side Effects of Truvada (Emtricitibane/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate):
- Back pain
- Changes in the color of skin on your palms or soles of your feet
- Changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your arms, legs, face, neck, breasts, and waist)
- Depression
- Diarrhea
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Itching or skin rash
- Joint pain
- Nausea
- Stomach pain
- Strange dreams
- Trouble sleeping
- Vomiting
Serious Side Effects of Truvada (Emtricitibane/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate):
- Mental/mood changes (such as depression, anxiety)
- Loss of appetite
- Stomach or abdominal pain
- Pink or bloody urine
- Changes in the amount of urine.
Form and Strength
Truvada (Emtricitibane/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate) is available in the following forms and strength:
Truvada: Nanocrystallized Tablet
- 200/245 mg
Emtricitibane/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: Tablet
- 200/300 mg
Caution
- Truvada is only effective for preventing HIV transmission if the person taking it does not already have HIV. Therefore, individuals get tested for HIV before starting Truvada.
- Truvada can cause changes in kidney function, which can be more likely in people with pre-existing kidney problems. Regular monitoring of kidney function is important for those taking Truvada.
- Truvada can also cause changes in bone density, which may increase the risk of fractures. This risk may be higher in individuals with pre-existing bone problems or other risk factors for bone loss.
- Truvada can interact with certain medications, so inform a healthcare provider of all medications being taken before starting Truvada.
- There is limited data on the safety of Truvada during pregnancy and breastfeeding, so consult with a healthcare provider before taking it in these circumstances.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
How long does it take for Truvada to start working for PrEP?
Truvada should be taken for at least 7 days before it is expected to provide full protection against HIV transmission.
Can Truvada be used as a treatment for people who are already HIV-positive?
Yes, Truvada can be used as a treatment for people who are already HIV-positive. However, it is usually prescribed in combination with other medications and under the supervision of a healthcare provider.
Can Truvada be used by women who are pregnant or breastfeeding?
While Truvada has not been shown to be harmful to a developing fetus, consult with a healthcare provider before taking it during pregnancy.
Are there any special instructions for taking Truvada for PrEP while traveling?
Plan ahead when traveling and ensure that you have enough Truvada to last for the duration of your trip. Pack Truvada in its original bottle with the prescription label to avoid any potential issues at security checkpoints.
Can Truvada interact with other medications?
Truvada can interact with certain medications, including those used to treat hepatitis B and C, anticonvulsants, and some antibiotics. Inform a healthcare provider of all medications being taken before starting Truvada.
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